summary

Стр. 169-172

 

SUMMARIES

 

 

HUMAN CAPACITY FOR WORK

 

A.K.Popov

 

The practical and theoretical study of human capacity for work is carried from the positions of systems approach. The existing definitions of capacity for work as well as different aspects and levels of its study in psychology are given. The systems character of capacity for work was revealed. The dependence· of temporal characteristics of capacity for work and its efficiency on functional states of the brain was shown at the level of subcellular and cellular biochemical and bioelectrical processes. It is shown that the regularities of amplitude - phase shifts of the systemically organized rhythmic process underlie its fluctuations during day and night. The decisive role of motivation is shown.

The use of the established regularities opens up a new way to a scientifically grounded planning of labor and rest at industry, shift schedule, choice of optimal transitions from one shift to another and their duration as well as the synchronization of functional states and capacity for work of a great number of people at once, which is important for large· industrial enterprises and town economy.

 

 

PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE STUDY AND FORMATION

OF SOCIALIST CONSCIOUSNESS

 

M. Kodym

 

The paper identifies methodological principles of studying consciousness; concrete-historical, systemic, interdisciplinary. It is emphasized that the psychological theory of consciousness is formed on the basis of Marxism - Leninism. The content of the category of consciousness reveals itself through the concepts of psychic (mental) reflection and psychic regulation. A method of active social learning, which is developed in Czechoslovakia and directed at increasing man's social competance, at forming socialist consciousness and personality is especially considered in the article.

 

 

THE GROWTH OF DIFFERENTIATION AS A REGULARITY

OF DEVELOPMENT OF MENTRAL PROCESSES

 

N. N. Lukovnikov

 

The paper puts forward a hypothesis that the differentiation grows during the development of cognitive processes. The hypothesis is based on the results of studying thinking conducted by the author as well as on the data on memory and intelligence obtained by other authors. In order to confirm the hypothesis the experimental data are analyzed concerning correlations of different indices of memory and imagination. The analysis made confirms the hypothesis which enables the author to arrive at the conclusion that the growth of differentiation in development is a regularity for all the mental cognitive processes.

 

 

PROBLEMS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL PROVISION OF FOOD PROGRAM

 

O. F. Potemkina, V. F. Rubakhin

 

The paper is devoted to a number of problems, the solution of which will make it possible to realize more efficiently program-goal methods of management, in particular of Food program. The paper consists of two parts: the first part is concerned with perfection of management and the second partwith perfection of socialist way of life. The questions of style of guidance of working collectives, personality development are considered. The structure of agircultural psychology as a new branch of psychological science is suggested.

 

 

GOAL-DIRECTED REGULATION OF EEG SPATIO-TEMPORAL

SYNCHRONIZATION LEVEL BY USING A BIO-FEEDBACK

TECHNIQUE

 

V. M. Rusalov, M. G. Nikolayenko

 

The paper studies a possibility of voluntary regulation of EEG spatio-temporal synchronization level by using a biofeedback technique.

It has been shown that such a regulation is possible however not by changing mental states but through forming specific imaginary actions, the temporal structure of which determines the number of segments of maximum coherence for a certain time interval. It was also established that the voluntary breaking down of oscillatory character of EEG synchronization as well as keeping high coherence for more than 100 msec (a period of dominant alpha-rhythm) proved to be impossible.

 

 

EYE MOVEMENT REACTIONS IN CASE OF VISUAL

PI;,RCEPTION DISTURBANCES IN PATIENTS WITH LESIONS

OF MEDIAL REGIONS OF THE BRAIN

 

A. D. Vladimirov, T. V. Kuz'mina

 

The paper describes the results of investigation into distrubances of visual perception in 19 patients with lesions of different parts of the lymbic-reticular complex (tumor genesis) by using eye movement registration method. It was shown that a spontaneity and inactivity in visual perception are accompanied by changes in the dynamics of the eye movement system and can manifest themselves in isolation from each other or in different combinations. The degree of expression of disturbances in spontaneity and activity of visual gnosis and the character of their manifestations depend on localization and lateralization of the brain lesion.

 

 

ON THE EFFECTS OF WAYS OF VISUAL RECOGUITION

ON THE HUMAN-OPERATOR'S FANCTIONAL STATE

 

V. F. Rubakhin, I. G. Kukhtina

 

The paper analyzes an interrelationship between the ways of visual recognition and the functional state of tension under various time conditions of information presentation.

 

 

 

MODELLING OF OPERATOR'S ACTIVITY IN «MAN-COMPUTER»

SYSTEM

 

Yu. M. Zabrodin, S. A. Nikolayev, V. P. Khomyakov

 

The paper describes major stages of development of mathematical models bf operator's activity in «man-computer» systems. A possibility is considered of making a psychological  analysis of activity on the basis of the category «problem» and «subproblem». The topicality of such an analysis is shown in the process of modelling operator's activity. The application of internal (in-laid) models are substantiated. The main stages of modelling were illustrated by the results of development of a model for input and preparation of data for «man-computer» systems.

 

 

FROM EXPERIENCE OF CONSTRUCTING A MATHEMATIZED

THEORY OF PSYCHIC PROCESSES

 

A.                N. Orekho'v, I. I. Iljaso'v

 

Proposed theory is put forward as a basic premise for deducting· mathematical model of any psychic process, Using as empiric material a process of generalization the time indices of this process have been theoretically calculated, Theoretical conclusions have been well validated empirically,

 

 

 

PSYCHOLOGICAL-PSYCHIATRIC EXPERTISE: PROBLEMS

AND PERSPECTIVES

 

I. A. Kydryavtsev

 

The paper discusses theoretical problems and the questions of application of psychological knowledge (psychodiagnostics) in judicial practice.

 

 

SOME URGANT PROBLEMS OF COMPLEX

PSYCHOLOGICAL-PSYCHIATRIC EXPERTISE

 

T. P. Pechernikova, V. V. Guldman

 

The paper is devoted to generalization of experience in joint work of psychologists and psychiatrists involved into conducting legal 'expertise in criminal and civil actions. A necessity is substanticated on complex psychological-psychiatric research in case of expertise of the accused, witnesses and victims,

 

 

PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF INTRODUCTION OF TEAM

FORMS OF WORK ORGANIZATION IN INDUSTRY

 

G. F. Osipova

 

The paper analyzes psychological problems of introduction of team forms of work organization. It is emphasized that the economic efficiency in case of team forms of work is caused by growth of labour productivity, bettering of rhythmicity of production, increase in fund returns as well as decrease in prime cost of production.

 

 

 

METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF INTERRELATIONSHIP

BETWEEN PSYCHOLOGY AND PEDAGOGICS

 

B. T. Likhachev

 

Psychology and pedagogics as social sciences are 'conditioned by each other since they enter a general totality of social conditions.

The paper identifies several levels of interaction between the laws of psychology and pedagogigs in which a close interrelationship of psychological and pedagogical regularities is emphasized.

 

 

 

 

PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF PROPHYLAXIS

OF CARDIO-VASCULAR DISEASES

 

Yu. Aleksandrov, E. A. Suslov, A. A. Aleksandrov

 

The paper is devoted' to psychoprophylactic problems of cardio-vascular diseases (CVD) in child and adolescent age. On the basis of literature data a hypothesis is analyzed about the decisive influence of the style of life on appearance and development of CVD risk factors. The main directions were identified of prophylactic work with children and adolescents, and the content of complex program of prophylactic interference was formed.

 

 

THE PROBLEMS OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY IN THE SPIRITUAL

HERITAGE OF A. V. LUNACHARSKIY

 

O. A. Pavlovskiy, M. N. Nochevnik

 

The ideas and' outlooks of one of the most outstanding Marxist-Leninist A. V. Lunatharskiy concerning social-pscyhological theory are analysed in this work.

In the article there can be seen a' certain approach by A. V. Lunacharskiy to the problem of social psychology from the point of view of Marxism and to the tasks and goals of the class struggle of proletariat. A. V. Lunacharskiy pays a special attention to the critics of bourgeois individualism, psychology of philistinism, working out of the problems of the proletariat psychology, essence and role of the proletariat collectivism and so on.

 

 

AUTOMATIC RECOGNITION OF AUDITORY IMAGES

 

N. G. Zagoruiko

 

The paper describes the history and the contemporary state of the problem. The author suggests that the success in solving the problem lies in strengthening scientific cooperation between those who are engaged in research in this field.